Natural Areas of Chatham-Kent, Part 14 (Clear Creek Forest)

Clear Creek Forest is one of the most recent additions to the provincial park system. It has an interesting recent history, being privately owned up until a few years ago. I first encountered this impressive woodland in the early 1980s, when I was the regional coordinator for the first Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas. I had been roaming around looking for places to find breeding birds, and came across this site, which had an unofficial trail into it. I wandered along the trail and was immediately impressed with the condition of the forest. It was relatively untouched and had an assortment of impressively large trees, especially along the trail which followed along the top of the bank overlooking a creek and floodplain.

There was a project called Significant Natural Areas of Kent County underway at the time. We added this site to the project, and gradually its importance became better known. It was part of a much larger natural area of varying vegetation types and conditions, stretching all the way to Lake Erie. This length of an area, complete with one of the better examples of what was considered a cold water stream, was unusual in C-K.

Eventually the owner of the property, who lived in Michigan, passed away, and the executors of the estate were trying to decide what to do with it. There was an interest by local environmental groups and individuals to see it retained in its natural condition and together with the Nature Conservancy of Canada and Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, managed to acquire this site. It became regulated as a provincial park in 2014, classified as a Nature Reserve. Some signs like the following identify its provincial park status. There are no staff on site; however it is under the administration of Rondeau Provincial Park.

The most accessible area is the part north of Hwy 3/Talbot Trail, near the corner of Duart Road and Cochrane Line. There is a small parking area marked on the next photo by an 'X' along the roadside across from the entrance to the trail, which is shown as the blue line.

As mentioned, there are some impressive trees in part of this site. Most of them are species typical of the hardwood forests of southwestern Ontario, and include American Beech, Sugar Maple, Black Cherry, Basswood, Bitternut Hickory, White Ash and several oak species, although the ash trees have been almost obliterated due to the invasive Emerald Ash Borer.

One of the largest American Beech trees in Ontario is here. It is close to a metre in diameter.

The forest floor is rich with spring wildflowers.

Dutchman's Breeches

Large-flowered Bellwort

Wild Blue Phlox

Mayapple

Skunk's Cabbage...not common but present in the early part of the season

Wild Geranium

There are birds, of course, both migrants and breeding species. It has not been birded heavily, but even so there are at least 117 species of birds known for the site to date. Warblers are a highlight in the spring, most of which are migrants.

Black-throated Blue Warbler

A possibly breeding warbler is this next one.

Ovenbird

Baltimore Orioles are well represented.

Eastern Towhee is certainly present in various parts of the park.

Pileated Woodpeckers are present in small numbers. A pair had a nest right beside the trail a year ago.

 Ruby-throated Hummingbirds are seldom seen, but it is prime habitat for them.

The more extensive woodland area is sought after by Wood Thrush, a declining species and officially at risk.

Blue-spotted Salamanders, and their Red-backed Salamander relatives, are found throughout the higher quality forest but seldom seen as they spend the majority of their time underground or under logs.

On the north side of Cochrane Line is a very different part of the park. It is an old gravel pit complex, and there are several ponds, some of which have been there for several decades. I remember swimming in one as a teenager back in the 1960s. This next photo is of one of the largest ponds.

At the upper level of the site is another pond, which has more trees and shrubs around it.

There have been a couple of new ponds constructed in the area, which will gradually develop into something more valuable for wildlife.

With so much water present, it is a great spot for dragonflies. This first one is a Halloween Pennant.

 This next one is a White-faced Meadowhawk, which is chowing down on a midge type of insect.

The open areas have many later season flowering plants, and are popular with butterflies.

Common Ringlet on Black-eyed Susan

Hickory Hairstreak

Clear Creek Forest is a valuable addition to the provincial park system, and a worthwhile site to explore in Chatham-Kent at any time of the year!

This concludes the Natural Areas of Chatham-Kent series as per my presentation earlier this year at the Chatham Public Library. However there are other natural areas which were not covered at that time, and I hope to expand this theme to include some of them in the future.

Life and Death in the Backyard

On some of these warmer, sultry days it is nice to stick close to home and the A/C. With a backyard full of native and non-native plants, there is often something to photograph if one wants to venture out.

There is always the proverbial American Robin nesting in two or three places, putting up a fuss if any human is found in proximity to its recently fledged young.

Echinacea (Purple Coneflower) is nicely coming into peak flowering condition right now.

It attracts a number of insects, and is always worth checking out. Earlier today I noted a strange looking little critter poking its head out.

I wasn't sure what it was, but kept an eye on it off and on. Eventually it got out a little further. It is only about 8 mm in total length, so I needed the macro lens and most of the extension tubes to get these shots.

 It is an Ambush Bug, and true to its name, ambushed this fly that was searching for nectar.

There has been at least one Monarch hanging around the yard every day for a couple of weeks or more.

 Red Admirals are not very common these days.

 Silver-spotted Skippers seem to be even less common.

 This is a metallic green type of sweat bee of the Halictidae group.

 Flower flies, or syrphids, are some of the most abundant species of fly visiting various flowers. The patterns on their abdomen are helpful in determining what they are. This one appears to be a member of the Allograpta genus.

Milkweeds are fairly aromatic, and attract lots of insects. I had this Hickory Hairstreak stop by briefly.

 Various flies and bees love visiting the milkweeds. However there is a danger to insects of a certain size. If they are just big enough, they can get their foot caught in the flowering parts and are not able to escape.

This next photo shows a deceased bee with its foot caught.

One can almost always find other insects visiting milkweeds.

Large Milkweed Bug

Red Milkweed Beetle

Minettia fly (about 5 mm)

Dill and parsley are favourite places for Black Swallowtails to lay their eggs. I watched this adult alight briefly and move the tip of her abdomen up to the stem.

 Not too many days later, I investigated and found two caterpillars. They are both in this next photo, but the lower one is clearly much larger than the one partially hidden by the petioles of the dill flower head. Unfortunately neither got to the stage of being able to form a pupa. Various parasitic wasps are also fairly common, and I expect one of them found these small caterpillars, paralyzed them and flew off with them to deposit in their nesting burrow. There, they will lay an egg and when it hatches, the larva will feed on the still living, but paralyzed caterpillar.

A couple of very large and impressive critters also hanging around the dill were these Cicada Killers. The first image shows the two large females, each of which was a good 5 cm (2") long. A smaller male was also around, attempting to mate with one of the females. I took these photos with a macro lens at a distance of about 12-15 cm, and used a flash. Fortunately Cicada Killers are only dangerous if you are a cicada. They are fairly docile otherwise, unless roughly handled.

Female Cicada Killer

Other odds and ends included things like this Braconid wasp, which parasitizes other insects.

 A Common Whitetail which pops in every once in awhile.

A probable Digger Wasp, which nests underground.

 Another Flower Fly type.

 An immature grasshopper.

 The non-native Brown Marmoted Stink Bug....in this case it is a nymph or sub-adult.

 A very tiny (~3 mm dia) Orange-spotted Lady Beetle.

 This large bluish/black wasp (Sphex pensylvanicus)

A lot of these images were taken with a macro lens, of course. I also used a couple of different camera bodies (Canon 5D3 or 7D2) and at times was able to use my Canon 100-400mm telephoto zoom lens which, even without extension tubes, will focus to about 3 feet, so it is especially useful in photographing butterflies. With extension tubes, both the telephoto zoom and the macro lens will enable me to get even closer. Of course I use a flash system a lot of the time as well.

I have two 100mm macro lenses, and I am considering selling my older one. It is a Canon 100 mm 2.8  USM, and includes a tripod collar and UV filter. If you were buying it new, it lists for $880, plus tax, plus the filter. In checking most on line camera outlets that post reviews, this clearly is a fine lens in itself, but I purchased an even better (and more expensive, naturally) Canon lens. A used one via a camera store that sells used equipment has listed them at about $550-600, plus tax. My lens has served me well, but I don't need this one since I upgraded, and therefore am willing to sell it for $450.

If you are interested, let me know by contacting me at prairie_tramper@yahoo.com.